Buckle-up for higher airfares
Too few airlines, airport monopolies, and a toothless regulator add up to turbulence ahead for passengers.

Many retirees love to fly and there’s a trend of Australians over 65 wanting to see more of their own country.
This is driven by a desire for less complex travel, the popularity of the “grey gap year” for self-guided trips, and the ease of domestic flights compared to international travel.
Seniors are a significant, active segment of the tourism market focusing on regional and close-to-home holidays.
But don’t be surprised if the airlines don’t join the party by making flying easier or cheaper. In fact, it’s predicted ticket prices will continue to climb.
That’s because of the age-old Australian airline problem of too few carriers, weak competition, and a seemingly deliberate policy to limit supply by limiting the number of services and seats available to pre-pandemic levels, despite significant population growth and demand.
Add to that major expensive airport infrastructure development and an unregulated airport monopoly in the major cities, which allows airport corporations to charge airlines what they like.
Those costs will be passed on and even the competition regulator admits it is increasingly powerless to intervene.
These revelations are in a submission to the Senate by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) warning that it lacks power and “no longer acts as a restraint” on monopolistic behaviour of the airports.
“The existing framework, based on ACCC monitoring and reporting, no longer acts as a constraint on behaviour because there is less of a threat of regulatory action than there was when the regime was first introduced over two decades ago,” the ACCC told a parliamentary inquiry.
Not surprisingly, the ACCC is asking for additional powers, including a commercial arbitration scheme that brings together the airports and airlines, something it has argued for since 2019.
“A commercial arbitration scheme would help to address concerns with the major airports exercising their market power, which would help to reduce airport charges faced by airlines including those that operate in regional locations,” the submission reads.
Airport redevelopments
Airports are facing major costly infrastructure upgrades – amounting to $19 billion over the next decade – which the ACCC predicts will be passed on as increased airline operation fees and charges. The airlines are likely to pass those costs onto travellers.
Australia’s four major airports – Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, and Perth – are “geographic monopolies” with the “ability to exercise market power”, the ACCC said.
“An airport not constrained by competition or regulation could be expected to exercise its market power to earn monopoly profit to the detriment of airport users and the broader economy.”
The ACCC says it does not have enough powers to address this.
Weak airline competition
Travellers are also paying for Australia’s weak domestic airline competition, which the ACCC describes as highly concentrated, with plenty of disincentives for newcomers to enter the market.
“Recent developments, including Rex’s unsuccessful expansion onto intercity routes and Bonza’s exit from budget leisure markets, highlight the challenges new or smaller carriers face in establishing a sustainable presence,” the ACCC observes.
It suggests the continuing duopoly will lead to higher airfares, saying “reduced rivalry between airlines has likely resulted in consumers paying more to fly than they would otherwise”.
Consumer protection
Consumer protections around disrupted flights needs enhancing, says the report, which endorses the Federal Government’s proposal to establish an Aviation Consumer Ombudsperson. It says this would especially benefit regional travellers who can be severely affected by disruptions to the few air services available.
“The introduction of a well-designed ombudsperson scheme will ensure that aviation consumers have access to accessible, fair, and effective dispute resolution,” the report says.
“It will also mean greater efficiencies and improved effectiveness in dispute resolution, including through incentivising airlines to improve internal complaints handling.”
The ombudsperson would be modelled on comparable schemes, such as the Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman. It would be funded by members of the scheme through a regular membership fee, plus an additional scheme fee for each member based on the volume of complaints against them and their complaints escalation rates.
Related reading: Australian Aviation, The Australian
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